U.S. Copyright Registration Procedures: Online Filing (eCO) vs. Paper Forms

A factual guide to the two official methods for registering music and other creative works with the U.S. Copyright Office, detailing current fees, processing requirements, and deposit specifications.

Method 1: Electronic Filing via eCO

The Electronic Copyright Office (eCO) system is the official online portal provided by the U.S. Copyright Office. This method is the agency's recommended procedure for registration due to its efficiency and reduced cost.

File a copyright registration for your work through the Copyright Office online system.

eCO Procedures and Deposit Requirements:

• **Lower Filing Fee:** $45 for a basic claim (single author, same claimant, one work, not for hire). Standard Application fee is $65.
• **Deposit Method:** Electronic upload (recommended for most music claims).
• **File Format:** Acceptable formats include **.WAV, .MP3, .PDF, .M4A**.
• **File Size Limit:** The maximum size for **each individual file** uploaded is **500 MB**.
• **Multiple Files:** If uploading multiple files, they can be compressed in a **ZIP file**, provided the total size is manageable and the individual files inside meet the format requirements. *Note: Do NOT use a single ZIP file if registering a group of works from an album.*
• **Processing Time:** Faster than paper submissions.

Method 2: Paper Forms Filing

Paper forms require physical mailing of the application, payment, and deposit copies. The fee structure for paper is significantly higher, and processing times are longer.

Filing Requirements:

• **Filing Fee:** The fee for a basic registration using a paper form is **$125**.
• **Deposit Requirement:** Requires the physical mailing of paper or physical media (e.g., CDs, sheet music). Physical items should be packaged in boxes, not envelopes, to prevent damage.
• **Processing Time:** Significantly longer than eCO processing.

Registration Options (Applicable to Both Methods):

The nature of the registration determines the appropriate application:

Filing Comparison Summary (Online vs. Paper)

Important Note: Always Check for Fee and Rule Changes

Copyright law and its corresponding fee schedule are subject to change by the U.S. Congress and the Register of Copyrights. Artists and filers must always confirm the current fee schedule and procedural rules immediately prior to submission.

Official Reference Links (U.S. Copyright Office)

1. Official Fees Page (Authoritative Source for Current Rates)
2. Rulemakings (To Track Procedural and Fee Changes)
3. Circular 4: Copyright Office Fees (Detailed Breakdown)
4. Register Your Work: Registration Portal
5. eCO Acceptable File Types and Size Limits (Essential for Deposits)
6. FAQ: Registration and Deposit Questions
7. Group Registration for Works on an Album of Music (GRAM)